During the construction of a low -rise building, a strip foundation is often used. For its implementation, a digging of excavation or a trench-coat is provided. These works make it possible to make a basement or basement in the building.
Sometimes use tape intermittent foundations in construction, but they are made only in the form of assembly structures. At the same time, small gaps are obtained between the blocks, which are then filled with the necessary material. The value of this type of foundation should be no more than 0.2 of the length of the foundation block of the wall.
Features of the soil conditions at which the structure will stand, provide for the construction of the foundation walls, which are performed with special ledges. When performing such a foundation, it is necessary to withstand a certain ratio of the length of the lecture to its height. In dense soils, the ratio of 1: 1, and the height of the ledge is 1.0 m. In soil with a high sand content, the required ratio is 1: 3 if the height of the ledge is 0.5 m.
For the construction of a low -rise building with monolithic foundation walls, the necessary materials are used, such as concrete, boot, button and brick. For example, if a wall is made of a boot, then the thickness of the walls must be made 500 mm.
All low -rise structures are divided by the nature of interaction with heaving soils into “light” and “heavy”. During the construction of the structure on the “heavy” soil, a shallow foundation is used. It is based on the complete exclusion of the detrimental force of the soil, which affects the lateral surfaces of the foundation walls. For its implementation, it is necessary to increase the width of the trench, pushing the entire interfering soil from the walls of the foundation.